Biopsia percutánea torácica guiada por TC-eficacia diagnóstica y complicaciones: un estudio de la vida real / CT-guided percutaneous chest biopsy - diagnostic efficacy and complications: a real life study

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Vaccination's role in the outcome of pneumococcal pneumonia / El papel de la vacunación en el resultado de la neumonía neumocócica

INTRODUCTION: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) worldwide. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations are the main tools used to prevent CAP. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate pneumococcal and influenza vaccination status of patients hospitalized with pneumococcal pneumonia and evaluate if previous immunization affects the clinical presentation and/or the clinical outcomes. METHODS: Retrospective observational study including patients hospitalized with Pneumococcal Pneumonia from January 2010 to December 2018. Demographics, clinical, laboratorial data and vaccination status were collected from hospital medical records and online validated data platforms. Patients without data on vaccination status were excluded from this study. RESULTS: The study included 136 patients with a definite diagnosis of Pneumococcal pneumonia. The average age was 62 ± 16 years old and 65.4% of patients were male. Vaccination rates prior to hospitalization were 54.4% for influenza vaccine (74 patients) and 14.7% for pneumococcal vaccine (20 patients). Twenty-six additional patients were vaccinated for pneumococcal pneumonia after hospitalization, which raised the vaccination rates to 33.8% (p = 0.010). Logistic regression analysis showed prior influenza vaccination (OR 0,100 CI 95%) as the only variable that may affect the pneumococcal vaccination status. We found no impact of pneumococcal vaccination on invasive disease, average length of stay, severity of disease and mortality. Three patients (2.2%) died during hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Pneumococcal vaccination coverage was suboptimal and awareness of this fact by physicians and patients is of utmost importance. Prior vaccination (influenza or pneumococcal) does not appear to significantly affect the clinical outcomes of moderate to severe pneumococcal pneumonia in hospitalized patients. Nevertheless, the impact of vaccination in patients that were not hospitalized and in pneumonia prevention was not evaluated

INTRODUCCIÓN: Streptococcus pneumoniae es el agente causante más común de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) en todo el mundo. Las vacunas antigripales y neumocócicas son las principales herramientas que se utilizan para prevenir la NAC. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el estado de vacunación antineumocócica y antigripal de los pacientes hospitalizados con neumonía neumocócica y evaluar si la vacunación previa afecta a la presentación clínica y/o a los resultados clínicos. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluyó a pacientes hospitalizados con neumonía neumocócica desde enero de 2010 hasta diciembre de 2018. Se recopilaron datos demográficos, clínicos, de laboratorio y estado de vacunación de los registros médicos del hospital y plataformas de datos validados en línea. Los pacientes sin datos sobre el estado de vacunación fueron excluidos de este estudio. RESULTADOS: El estudio incluyó a 136 pacientes con un diagnóstico definitivo de neumonía neumocócica. La edad media fue de 62 ± 16 años y el 65,4% de los pacientes eran varones. Las tasas de vacunación antes de la hospitalización fueron 54,4% para la vacuna antigripal (74 pacientes) y 14,7% para la vacuna neumocócica (20 pacientes). Veintiséis pacientes adicionales fueron vacunados contra la neumonía neumocócica después de la hospitalización, lo que elevó las tasas de vacunación al 33,8% (p= 0,010). El análisis de regresión logística mostró la vacunación previa contra la influenza (OR 0,100 IC 95%) como la única variable que puede afectar el estado de vacunación neumocócica. No encontramos ningún impacto de la vacunación antineumocócica sobre la enfermedad invasiva, la duración media de la estancia, la gravedad de la enfermedad y la mortalidad. Tres pacientes (2,2%) fallecieron durante la hospitalización CONCLUSIÓN: La cobertura de vacunación antineumocócica fue subóptima y el conocimiento de este hecho por parte de médicos y pacientes es de suma importancia. La vacunación previa (influenza o neumococo) no parece afectar significativamente los resultados clínicos de la neumonía neumocócica moderada a grave en pacientes hospitalizados. Sin embargo, no se evaluó el impacto de la vacunación en pacientes que no fueron hospitalizados y en la prevención de la neumonía

Multiple drug hypersensitivity syndrome to antituberculosis drugs: a case report

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Biochemical behaviour of norbixin during in vitro DNA damage induced by reactive oxygen species.

Naturally occurring antioxidants such as carotenoids are extensively studied for their potential in reducing the risk for cancer and other chronic diseases. In the present study, the radical-scavenger activity of the food additive norbixin, a water-soluble carotenoid extracted from Bixa orellana seeds and commercialized as annatto, was evaluated under conditions of DNA damage induced by reactive oxygen species, particularly by hydroxyl radicals. The cell-free scavenger activity of norbixin was evaluated using plasmid DNA as target molecule and Sn2+ or Fe2+ as oxidant. The addition of H2O2 enhanced DNA breakage induced by metal ions, particularly Fe2+. Under these conditions, norbixin started to protect plasmid DNA against single- and double-strand breakage at a metal:norbixin ratio of 1:1 (Sn2+) and 1:10 (Fe2+). However, at lower ratios to Sn2+, norbixin enhanced Sn2+-induced DNA breakage (P < 0.05). The ability of norbixin to protect genomic DNA against oxidative damage was assessed in murine fibroblasts submitted to H2O2-induced oxidative stress and the results were evaluated by the comet assay. Under low serum conditions (2 % fetal bovine serum (FBS)), a protective effect of norbixin against H2O2-induced DNA breakage was inversely related to its concentration, a protection ranging from 41 % (10 microm) to 21 % (50 microm). At higher concentrations of norbixin, however, oxidative DNA breakage was still enhanced, even in the presence of a high serum concentration (10 % FBS). Under normal conditions, norbixin per se has no detectable genotoxic or cytotoxic effects on murine fibroblasts. The antimutagenic potential of norbixin against oxidative mutagens was also evaluated by the Salmonella typhimurium assay, with a maximum inhibition of 87 % against the mutagenicity induced by H2O2. Although plasmid DNA and Ames data indicated that norbixin can protect DNA against oxidative damage, it seems to be a risky guardian of genomic DNA as it can also increase the extent of oxidative damage.

Isolation and partial characterization of antigen 5.1 from the seeds of Ricinus communis, L. (Var. Amarelo de Irece).

Antigen 5.1 was isolated from the most acidic fraction of castor bean allergens (CB-1A) by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) (yield: 6.2 mg antigen 5.1/g CB-1A). This antigen was homogeneous by the criteria of PAGE, isoelectric focusing, SDS-PAGE, immunoelectrophoresis and gel filtration. The antigen has an apparent molecular mass of 12 +/- 2 kDa and an isoelectric point of pH 5.1. Antigen 5.1 lacks proline, phenylalanine, threonine and tryptophan. It was immunochemically identical to one of the three immunoprecipitation lines presented by CB-1A by the Ouchterlony technique, and was positive when tested (250 micrograms) by IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in LOU.M rats.

Isolation and partial characterization of antigen 5.1 from the seeds of Ricinus communis, L. (var. amarelo de irece)

Antigen 5.1 was isolated from the most acidic fraction of castor bean allergens (CB-1A) by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) (yield: 6.2 mg antigen 5.1/g CB-1A). This antigen was homogeneous by the criteria of PAGE, isoelectric focusing, SDS-PAGE, immunoelectrophoresis and gel filtration. The antigen has an apparent molecular mass of 12 ñ 2 kDa and an isoelectric point of pH 5.1. Antigen 5.1 lacks proline, phenylalanine, threonine and tryptophan. It was immunochemically identical to one of the three immunoprecipitation lines presented by CB-1A by the Ouchterlony technique, and was positive when tested (250 *g) by IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in LOU.M rats

Hemoglobina E alfa-2 beta-2(26) glutamico-lisina (Hb E alfa-2 beta-2(26). Glu-Lis). / Hemoglobin E alpha2 beta2(26) glutamic-lysine (Hb E alpha2 beta2(26) Glu leads to Lys)

Descrevemos uma familia brasileira de ascendencia indiana, com Hb E. Esta paciente tem um dos avos paternos natural da India e os avos maternos originarios da Escandinavia, Suecia. A identificacao desta hemoglobina permitiu elucidar a origem racial. A Hb E, que tem a mesma mobilidade da Hb C e O em pH alcalino, foi diferenciada desta pela eletroforese em agar pH 6,2, segundo Robbinson onde a Hb E tem mobilidade similar a da Hb A1. O estudo do "Fingerprinting" demonstrou tratar-se da Hb E alfa-2 beta-2(26) Glu-Lys, como foi descrita por Hunt & col. e Frischer & col. Os dois casos estudados nao apresentavam anemia e os pacientes levam vida normal

Giant platelets and thrombocytopenia: a bleeding disorder in siblings. Clinical laboratory and electron microscopic aspects.

This report presents the findings of an inherited platelet abnormality in two members of the same family. The authors tested hemostasis of six normal and two abnormal members, studied the platelets using optical and electron microscopy, and genetic transmission in the family. The literature is also reviewed.